Growth hormone
Stimulates growth, cell repair, and metabolism, largely via IGF-1 from the liver. Secreted in pulses, especially during deep sleep and after intense exercise.
Too little may be associated with
In children, stunted growth; in adults, reduced muscle mass and vitality.
Too much may be associated with
Overgrowth of bone and tissue (gigantism in children, acromegaly in adults).
Informational only — not medical advice.
Organ systems
Stimuli that influence it
Substances
- CJC-1295 (↑)
- GHRP-6 (↑)
- Glycine (↑)
- Ipamorelin (↑)
- L-Arginine (↑)
- L-Glutamine (↑)
- IGF-1 LR3 (↕)
Behaviors
- Fasting (short-term) (↑)
- High-intensity interval training (HIIT) (↑)
- Intermittent fasting (↑)
- Quality sleep (↑)
- Resistance training (↑)
Functions
Dysfunctions
Books (2)
Research (17)
- Hypothalamic Dysfunction Casipit et al. (2026) PubMed ↗
- Therapeutic Peptides in Orthopaedics: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions Rahman et al. (2026) PubMed ↗
- Emerging Use of BPC-157 in Orthopaedic Sports Medicine: A Systematic Review Vasireddi et al. (2025) PubMed ↗
- Nutrition, GH/IGF-1 signaling, and cancer Valter (2024) Full text ↗ PubMed ↗
- Nutrition and dietary restrictions in cancer prevention Valter (2024) Full text ↗ PubMed ↗
- Current and investigational medications for the treatment of sarcopenia Rolland et al. (2023) PubMed ↗
- Nutrition, longevity and disease: From molecular mechanisms to interventions Valter (2022) Full text ↗ PubMed ↗
- Hormonal and metabolic responses of older adults to resistance training in normobaric hypoxia Allsopp et al. (2022) Full text ↗ PubMed ↗
- Intermittent and periodic fasting, longevity and disease Valter (2021) Full text ↗ PubMed ↗
- The role of hormones in muscle hypertrophy Fink et al. (2018) PubMed ↗
- Impact of intermittent fasting on health and disease processes Valter (2017) Full text ↗ PubMed ↗
- Therapeutic Benefits of Laughter in Mental Health: A Theoretical Review Yim (2016) Full text ↗ PubMed ↗
- Endocrine system: part 1 Johnstone et al. (2014) Full text ↗ PubMed ↗
- Prolonged stimulation of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I secretion by CJC-1295, a long-acting analog of GH-releasing hormone, in healthy adults Teichman et al. (2006) PubMed ↗
- Ipamorelin, the first selective growth hormone secretagogue Raun et al. (1998) PubMed ↗
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